6. Mal

Forskjellige Pygame-spill består ofte av mange samme elementer, som for eksempel et vindu (screen) og en klokke. For å spare litt tid, er det fint å bruke en mal.

For å spare enda mer tid, kan du også legge malen inn i VS Code som en snippet.

import pygame

# Konstanter
FPS = 60
WIDTH = 400
HEIGHT = 400

class Game:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        pygame.init()
        self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
        pygame.display.set_caption("SPILLTITTEL")

        # Game state
        self.running = True

        # Sprite groups
        self.sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()

    def handle_events(self) -> None:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.running = False

        # Key pressed
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
            print("UP button pressed")
        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
            print("SPACE button pressed")
        if keys[pygame.K_w]:
            print("W button pressed")

        # Mouse events
        left, middle, right = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
        mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
        if left:
            print(f"left button clicked: ({mouse_x},{mouse_y})")
        if middle:
            print(f"middle button clicked: ({mouse_x},{mouse_y})")
        if right:
            print(f"right button clicked: ({mouse_x},{mouse_y})")

    def update(self) -> None:
        self.sprites.update()

    def draw(self) -> None:
        self.screen.fill("white")
        self.sprites.draw(self.screen)

        pygame.display.flip()

    def run(self) -> None:
        while self.running:
            self.handle_events()
            self.update()
            self.draw()
            self.clock.tick(FPS)
        pygame.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    game = Game()
    game.run()

VS Code-snippet

Snippets er maler eller kodesnutter som kan knyttes til nøkkelord i VS Code. Koden under er en snippet for Pygame-malen over, som lager maler med nøkkelordet (prefikset) pygameclass.

Koden må kopieres inn i en snippet-fil i VS Code.

• Mac: File -> Preferences -> Configure snippets
• Windows: Code -> Preferences -> Configure snippets

Husk komma mellom hver “snippet”

"Pygame Game Template ": {
    "prefix": "pygameclass",
    "body": [
        "import pygame",
        "",
        "# Constants",
        "FPS = 60",
        "WIDTH = 800",
        "HEIGHT = 600",
        "",
        "class Game:",
        "    def __init__(self) -> None:",
        "        pygame.init()",
        "        self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()",
        "        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))",
        "        pygame.display.set_caption(\"GAME TITLE\")",
        "",
        "        # Game state",
        "        self.running = True",
        "",
        "        # Sprite groups",
        "        self.sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()",
        "    ",
        "    def handle_events(self) -> None:",
        "        for event in pygame.event.get():",
        "            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:",
        "                self.running = False",
        "        ",
        "        # Key pressed",
        "        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()",
        "        # if keys[pygame.K_UP]:",
        "        #     print(\"UP button pressed\")",
        "        # if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:",
        "        #     print(\"SPACE button pressed\")",
        "        # if keys[pygame.K_w]:",
        "        #     print(\"W button pressed\")",
        "",
        "        # Mouse events",
        "        # left, middle, right = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()",
        "        # mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()",
        "        # if left:",
        "        #     print(f\"left button clicked: ({mouse_x},{mouse_y})\")",
        "",
        "    def update(self) -> None:",
        "        self.sprites.update()",
        "",
        "    def draw(self) -> None:",
        "        self.screen.fill(\"white\")",
        "        self.sprites.draw(self.screen)",
        "",
        "        pygame.display.flip()",
        "    ",
        "    def run(self) -> None:",
        "        while self.running:",
        "            self.handle_events()",
        "            self.update()",
        "            self.draw()",
        "            self.clock.tick(FPS)",
        "        pygame.quit()",
        "",
        "if __name__ == \"__main__\":",
        "    game = Game()",
        "    game.run()"
    ],
    "description": "A comprehensive Pygame template using a Game class structure, including event loops, update, draw, and init boilerplate code."
}